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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation
11:21

Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation

Published on: March 13, 2026

Scaphoid fractures.

Denise R Ramponi1

  • 1Robert Morris University, Moon Township, PA 15108, USA. ramponi@rmu.edu

Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal
|November 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scaphoid fractures, common wrist injuries from falls, may not appear on initial X-rays. Early suspicion based on mechanism and exam is crucial to prevent complications like avascular necrosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Radiology
  • Sports medicine

Background:

  • The scaphoid bone is the most frequently fractured carpal bone in the wrist.
  • Falls on an outstretched hand are the typical cause of scaphoid injuries.
  • Initial radiographic imaging may fail to detect scaphoid fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of clinical suspicion in diagnosing scaphoid fractures.
  • To highlight the risks associated with undiagnosed scaphoid fractures.
  • To advocate for prompt orthopedic referral for suspected cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common injury mechanisms for scaphoid fractures.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges with initial radiography.
  • Emphasis on clinical correlation of biomechanics and physical findings.

Main Results:

  • A high index of clinical suspicion is vital for identifying occult scaphoid fractures.
  • Certain scaphoid fractures carry a significant risk of complications.
  • Delayed diagnosis can lead to avascular necrosis and nonunion.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical suspicion, guided by injury mechanism and physical examination, is key for diagnosing scaphoid fractures.
  • Prompt orthopedic referral and management are essential for high-risk fractures.
  • Early intervention can prevent serious complications such as avascular necrosis and nonunion.