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Residential segregation and infant mortality: a multilevel study using Iranian census data.
Ss Hashemi Nazari1, M Mahmoodi, Ma Mansournia
1Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Journal of Public Health
|November 1, 2012
Summary
Neighborhood segregation based on socioeconomic factors significantly impacts infant mortality rates. Understanding these disparities is crucial for public health, especially in diverse communities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Demography
Background:
- Limited research exists on the health impacts of segregation based on social, demographic, and economic factors, unlike racial segregation.
- This study investigates the independent effect of socioeconomic status (SES) segregation on infant mortality in Iran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the independent effect of SES segregation on infant mortality.
- To explore how segregation in housing, assets, and services influences infant health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized generalized dissimilarity and ordinal information theory indices to measure segregation.
- Employed multilevel modeling with individual-level data (level one) and province-level segregation indices for SES variables (level two).
- Data sourced from the latest Iranian national census.
Main Results:
- Individual factors like mother's activity were identified as risk factors for infant mortality.
- Provinces with higher segregation in housing size, ownership, and access to utilities (natural gas) showed increased infant mortality.
- Segregation indices for education, migration, activity, marital status, and bathroom access were negatively associated with infant mortality.
Conclusions:
- Contextual segregation in neighborhoods has varied effects on health outcomes.
- Investigating SES segregation, particularly in racially homogeneous communities, can reveal novel insights into health disparities.
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