Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins01:25

Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins

Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport of the molecules. Some integral membrane proteins are present only in the membrane monolayer. For example, the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase is present in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane monolayer. In contrast, another type of integral membrane protein, also known as a transmembrane protein, spans across the membrane. Transmembrane...
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Global Burden of Disease from Major Air Pollution Sources (GBD MAPS): A Global Approach.

Research report (Health Effects Institute)·2022
Same author

CircSUCO promotes proliferation and differentiation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells <i>via</i> sponging miR-15.

British poultry science·2022
Same author

First Measurement of the Z→μ^{+}μ^{-} Angular Coefficients in the Forward Region of pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV.

Physical review letters·2022
Same author

Efficacy of low-dose of baricitinib in the treatment of patchy alopecia and sicca syndrome in an SLE patient.

Scandinavian journal of rheumatology·2022
Same author

Angular Analysis of D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} and D^{0}→K^{+}K^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} Decays and Search for CP Violation.

Physical review letters·2022
Same author

Tests of Lepton Universality Using B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} and B^{+}→K^{*+}ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} Decays.

Physical review letters·2022
Same journal

Engineering of tandem bispecific IL-7 receptor agonist antibody promoting selective T cell expansion.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
Same journal

Prioritizing Stability-enhancing Mutations using the ESM Protein Language Model in conjunction with Physics-based MM/GBSA Predictions.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
Same journal

Mapping functional dynamics hotspots for protein engineering with NMR peak intensity analysis.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
Same journal

Combining bacterial display and protein language models to engineer a CD69-binding affibody for molecular imaging of immune activation.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
Same journal

Examining selection dynamics and limitations in multi-round protein selection of high diversity libraries.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
Same journal

A photo-enhanced oxidative coupling for site-specific protein Labeling via noncanonical amino acid incorporation.

Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Purification of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase from Rabbit Muscle
08:37

Purification of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase from Rabbit Muscle

Published on: March 21, 2025

Protein engineering methods applied to membrane protein targets.

M W Lluis1, J I Godfroy, H Yin

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

Protein Engineering, Design & Selection : PEDS
|November 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Membrane proteins are crucial for cell function but hard to study. This review explores protein engineering methods like directed evolution and computational modeling to unlock their structures and functions.

More Related Videos

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies
07:10

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies

Published on: September 29, 2023

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Purification of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase from Rabbit Muscle
08:37

Purification of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase from Rabbit Muscle

Published on: March 21, 2025

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies
07:10

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies

Published on: September 29, 2023

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Membrane proteins constitute ~30% of the human genome, playing vital roles in cellular processes.
  • Despite their importance, structural and biochemical data on membrane proteins are scarce due to their insolubility and instability.
  • This knowledge gap hinders understanding of cellular regulation, metabolism, and homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review protein engineering methods for studying membrane proteins.
  • To highlight the potential of directed evolution and computational modeling in this field.
  • To address the challenges in membrane protein structure-function relationship studies.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of directed evolution as a protein engineering technique.
  • Exploration of computational modeling for membrane protein analysis.
  • Review of strategies to overcome challenges in membrane protein structural studies.

Main Results:

  • Directed evolution has shown success with globular proteins and holds potential for transmembrane proteins.
  • Computational modeling offers a powerful approach to investigate membrane protein structures.
  • These methods can enhance the understanding of membrane protein structure-function relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Protein engineering methods, particularly directed evolution and computational modeling, are underutilized for membrane protein research.
  • These techniques offer promising avenues to overcome existing limitations in studying membrane proteins.
  • Advancing membrane protein research is critical for drug design and understanding fundamental biology.