Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form the...
Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

Spinal Nerves: Anatomy

Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

General Structure of a Vertebra

A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous column.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Characterization of the cancer-associated field of injury in the nasal epithelium in never-smokers.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

MRI-based machine learning model to distinguish hippocampal sclerosis (HS) ILAE type 1 and no HS gliosis only in medial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Epilepsy research·2026
Same author

Giant serpentine aneurysm: Imaging features including potential diagnostic utility of arterial spin labeling.

Radiology case reports·2026
Same author

The INI-32 dataset: An annotated computed tomography atlas of the orbit.

Data in brief·2025
Same author

Temporal Bone 3D Reconstruction and Analysis of Endolymph Volume in Meniere Disease.

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology·2025
Same author

Limb salvage in polytrauma-pushing the boundaries.

BMJ case reports·2025
Same journal

State-of-the-Art Epilepsy Imaging: Improving Tools for Epileptogenic Lesion Detection and Treatment.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Imaging of Epilepsy.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Implanted Devices for Management of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Background and MR Imaging Considerations.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Imaging of Epilepsy Surgery, Minimally Invasive Techniques, and Neuromodulation.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Neuroimaging and the Epilepsy Journey.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Clinical Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Epilepsy.

Neuroimaging clinics of North America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection
08:03

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

Published on: June 23, 2020

Spine infections.

John L Go1, Stephen Rothman, Ashley Prosper

  • 1Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. jlgomd@me.com

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|November 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal infections are rare but serious, potentially causing severe neurological damage. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications like spinal cord injury.

More Related Videos

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection
08:03

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

Published on: June 23, 2020

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Spinal infections are uncommon but can lead to severe patient debilitation and neurological deficits.
  • Potential complications include spinal alignment abnormalities, central canal compromise, nerve root impingement, vascular issues, and spinal cord injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of spinal infections.
  • To outline the clinical manifestations of spinal infections.
  • To discuss imaging modalities for diagnosing spinal and spinal cord infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of spinal infections.
  • Analysis of pathophysiologic mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of clinical presentations.
  • Review of diagnostic imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Spinal infections require prompt recognition to mitigate severe neurological outcomes.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology aids in early identification.
  • Clinical signs and symptoms provide crucial diagnostic clues.
  • Various imaging modalities are essential for accurate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis, imaging, and intervention are critical for managing spinal infections.
  • Prompt management can prevent devastating neurological complications.
  • This review synthesizes key aspects of spinal infection diagnosis and management.