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Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective randomized controlled study
Santosh Kumar1, Muninder Singh Randhawa, Raguram Ganesamoni
1Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. santoshsp1967jaimatadi@yahoo.co.in
The Journal of Urology
|November 6, 2012
Summary
Tranexamic acid significantly reduces blood loss and complications during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. This antifibrinolytic agent improves patient outcomes by lowering transfusion rates and operative time.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Surgical Safety
Background:
- Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common procedure for kidney stone removal.
- Bleeding is a significant complication associated with PCNL, impacting patient morbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid in minimizing blood loss during PCNL.
- To assess the impact of tranexamic acid on operative time, transfusion rates, and overall complications.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 200 patients undergoing PCNL.
- Patients were divided into two groups: one receiving tranexamic acid, the other a placebo.
- Demographic and clinical data were compared between the groups.
Main Results:
- The tranexamic acid group showed a significantly lower mean hemoglobin decrease (1.39 vs 2.31 gm/dl).
- Mean operative time was reduced in the tranexamic acid group (48.3 vs 70.8 minutes).
- Blood transfusion rates (2% vs 11%) and complication rates (33% vs 59%) were significantly lower with tranexamic acid.
Conclusions:
- Tranexamic acid is a safe and effective adjunct in PCNL.
- Its use is associated with reduced blood loss, shorter operative times, and fewer complications.
