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Microplastics in Urinary Calculi: Evidence from Human Urinary Stones
Kelsea Carrier1, Marcus Garcia2, Matthew J Campen3
1Division of Urology, University of New Mexico, MSC08 4720 1 UNM, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, 505-272-2321.
The Journal of Urology
|July 31, 2026
Summary
Microplastics were found in all human urinary stones analyzed, indicating a potential link between plastic exposure and stone formation. This study highlights environmental plastic as a novel factor in urologic disease. Keywords: microplastics, urinary stones, plastic exposure, urologic disease.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Urology
Background:
- Microplastics and nanoplastics are pervasive environmental contaminants found in human tissues.
- Their presence in urolithiasis (urinary stones) has not been previously investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the presence and polymer composition of microplastics in human urinary stones.
- To explore the potential role of microplastics in urolithiasis.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 13 human renal and bladder calculi using potassium hydroxide digestion and ultracentrifugation for microplastic isolation.
- Identified polymers using pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry under controlled conditions.
- Included quality controls (blanks, procedural standards) to ensure data integrity.
Main Results:
- Microplastics were detected in 100% (13/13) of urinary stone specimens.
- Common polymers identified include polyethylene, PET, PVC, nylon 6, and SBR, with multiple polymer types per stone.
- Detection rates surpassed those in prior urine and renal tissue studies, suggesting an affinity for stone matrices.
Conclusions:
- This study presents the first evidence of microplastics in human urolithiasis.
- Microplastics may act as nucleation substrates or become entrapped during stone formation.
- Environmental plastic exposure is implicated as a novel contributor to stone pathogenesis, emphasizing planetary health's role in urologic disease.
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