Placing a primary arteriovenous fistula that works--more or less known aspects, new ideas

Despite the pre-operative availability of well-defined criteria to create a primary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) a high early failure/missing maturation is complained worldwide. Based on new results from basic research using numerical techniques, the authors try to guide attention to a widely neglected field in published data: the unremarkable, small, but essential surgical details in creating a successful AVF. The aim is to describe their significance and to give them a place in a cross-border context.