The long-term effects of mandibular distraction osteogenesis on developing deciduous molar teeth

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dentistry
• Craniofacial Surgery
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is established for treating micrognathia-associated upper airway obstruction.
• Long-term dental outcomes following MDO remain under-investigated.
• Pierre Robin sequence frequently involves micrognathia and airway issues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of MDO on the development of deciduous molars in the distraction region.
• To assess the safety and efficacy of MDO regarding dental development in infants.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective chart review of patients with Pierre Robin sequence who underwent MDO.
• Inclusion criteria: documented long-term dental assessments post-surgery.
• Surgical technique: bilateral MDO utilizing an inverted L-shaped osteotomy to protect tooth buds.

Main Results:

• Ten children (mean age 69.8 days) with primary dentition were analyzed.
• Three patients experienced minor dental anomalies (2 root malformations, 2 shape anomalies) in four molars.
• No interventions were required for these minor dental issues.

Conclusions:

• Mandibular distraction osteogenesis with an inverted L-shaped osteotomy demonstrated no significant primary molar developmental complications.
• This surgical approach appears safe for dental outcomes in pediatric patients with micrognathia.
• Further research may explore long-term effects on permanent dentition.