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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Published on: June 16, 2020

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

Bhushan Madke1, Uday Khopkar

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.

Indian Dermatology Online Journal
|November 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a painful fibrotic disorder affecting kidney disease patients, often triggered by gadolinium contrast agents. Its exact cause and optimal treatment remain unclear, though some therapies offer moderate improvement.

Keywords:
Gadoliniumnephrogenic fibrosing dermopathynephrogenic systemic fibrosisrenal failure

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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a debilitating fibrotic condition impacting patients with chronic kidney disease.
  • NSF affects up to 13% of individuals with chronic kidney disease, causing significant pain and disability.
  • Gadolinium-based contrast agents are strongly associated with NSF development, particularly in patients with impaired renal function (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and pathological features of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF).
  • To discuss the hypothesized pathogenesis and current understanding of NSF.
  • To explore therapeutic options and outcomes for patients with NSF.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF).
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, histopathological findings, and immunohistochemical markers.
  • Evaluation of various treatment modalities and their reported efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Gadolinium particles have been detected in lesional tissue of NSF patients.
  • Histopathology reveals thickened collagen bundles, mucin deposition, and fibroblast-like cells.
  • Immunohistochemistry indicates increased type-I procollagen and CD 34+ cells.

Conclusions:

  • NSF is a distinct sclerosing entity associated with renal failure and gadolinium exposure.
  • The pathogenesis involving circulating fibrocytes is hypothesized but not fully understood.
  • Current treatments offer moderate improvement; renal transplantation is a potential option, but outcomes are unknown.