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Syringomyelia and arachnoiditis.

L R Caplan1, A B Norohna, L L Amico

  • 1Department of Neurology, Michael Reese Hospital.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Chronic arachnoiditis can lead to syringomyelia years after infections like meningitis or spinal vascular issues. Scarring and altered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow contribute to syrinx cavity formation in the spinal cord.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Spinal Cord Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic arachnoiditis is a condition involving inflammation and scarring of the arachnoid mater, which can affect the spinal cord.
  • Syringomyelia is a disorder characterized by the formation of fluid-filled cavities (syrinxes) within the spinal cord.
  • Previous infections (e.g., meningitis) and vascular abnormalities (e.g., arteriovenous malformations) are implicated in spinal cord pathologies.

Observation:

  • Five patients with chronic arachnoiditis and syringomyelia were analyzed.
  • Case histories included meningitis, spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and tuberculous meningitis.
  • Symptom onset for syringomyelia ranged from 7 to 23 years post-initial insult.

Findings:

  • Arachnoiditis can induce syringomyelia by compromising spinal vasculature, leading to ischemia and myelomalacia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Scarring and spinal block disrupt cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, contributing to cavity formation.
  • Ischemic changes in the spinal cord can mimic syringomyelia, even without cavitation.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding the pathogenesis of arachnoiditis-associated syringomyelia is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Early recognition of spinal cord complications following meningitis or AVMs is important.
    • Altered CSF flow dynamics represent a key factor in syringomyelia development.