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Related Concept Videos

General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-&#946;-containing Protocol
08:20

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Naïve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-β-containing Protocol

Published on: December 30, 2016

Novel Foxo1-dependent transcriptional programs control T(reg) cell function.

Weiming Ouyang1, Will Liao, Chong T Luo

  • 1Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.

Nature
|November 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) is crucial for regulatory T (Treg) cell function, maintaining immune homeostasis. Deleting Foxo1 in Treg cells causes severe inflammation, highlighting its essential role beyond initial Treg cell commitment.

More Related Videos

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-&#946;-containing Protocol
08:20

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Naïve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-β-containing Protocol

Published on: December 30, 2016

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Regulatory T (Treg) cells, marked by Foxp3, maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing immune responses.
  • While Akt kinase and Foxo transcription factors regulate early Treg cell commitment, their role in mature Treg cell function is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Foxo proteins in Treg cell homeostasis and function beyond the commitment stage.
  • To determine if Foxo1 regulates Treg cell function and immune homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Generated mice with Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1.
  • Analyzed Treg cell function, immune homeostasis, and inflammatory responses.
  • Performed genome-wide analysis of Foxo1 binding sites.

Main Results:

  • Treg cells exhibit high Foxo1 levels and reduced Akt activation, Foxo1 phosphorylation, and nuclear exclusion.
  • Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1 led to fatal inflammatory disease, similar to Foxp3 deficiency but without Treg cell loss.
  • Identified ~300 Foxo1 target genes, including Ifng, not directly regulated by Foxp3.

Conclusions:

  • Foxo1 is a critical regulator of Treg cell function and immune homeostasis.
  • The Akt-Foxo1 signaling pathway controls a novel genetic program essential for Treg cell function.
  • Foxo1 plays a vital role in maintaining immune balance, independent of Foxp3's role in Treg cell number.