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Fungal disease of the nose and sinuses: an updated overview

Christopher Chang1, M Eric Gershwin, George R Thompson

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Nemours/A.I. Dupont Hospital for Children, Thomas Jefferson University, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE, 19803, USA. cchang@nemours.org

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|November 9, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Fungal sinusitis presents varied symptoms based on host immunity. This review differentiates fungal rhinosinusitis syndromes and outlines treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Mycology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Fungal sinusitis encompasses diverse conditions, influenced by host immune status.
  • Ubiquitous fungal exposure leads to common asymptomatic colonization.
  • Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis requires a multimodal treatment approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and differentiate various fungal rhinosinusitis syndromes.
  • To explain the pathophysiology of these overlapping conditions.
  • To provide recommended treatment algorithms for fungal sinusitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of fungal rhinosinusitis.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations based on host immunity.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria including IgE, eosinophils, and fungal recovery.

Main Results:

  • Fungal sinusitis spectrum ranges from asymptomatic colonization to invasive disease.
  • Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis diagnosis involves IgE, eosinophils, and fungal identification.
  • Invasive fungal sinusitis can be slowly progressive or rapidly fulminant.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate differentiation of fungal rhinosinusitis syndromes is crucial.
  • Understanding pathophysiology aids in treatment selection.
  • Multidisciplinary treatment strategies are often necessary for optimal management.

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