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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Stratification substantially reduces behavioral variability in the hypoxic-ischemic stroke model.

Julia Pollak1, Kristian P Doyle, Lauren Mamer

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California.

Brain and Behavior
|November 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study quantifies functional recovery after hypoxic-ischemic stroke in mice. The horizontal ladder test on day 1 effectively stratifies mice, identifying those with significant, long-lasting motor deficits for further research.

Keywords:
Behaviorhypoxic–ischemic strokemotor recoverymouse model

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Stroke Research

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability with limited therapeutic options for recovery.
  • Developing effective stroke therapies requires well-defined animal models with quantifiable recovery parameters.
  • Behavioral recovery following hypoxic-ischemic stroke, a common model, is not well characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a panel of behavioral tests for quantifying functional recovery after hypoxic-ischemic stroke.
  • To establish a method for stratifying mice based on stroke severity and functional deficits.
  • To identify reliable behavioral markers for assessing recovery in preclinical stroke studies.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of hypoxic-ischemic stroke in C57BL/6J mice.
  • Assessment of behavioral recovery using horizontal ladder test, automated gait analysis, rotarod, elevated body swing test (EBST), and automated activity chamber.
  • Correlation analysis between stroke size and behavioral test performance.
  • Stratification of mice based on day 1 horizontal ladder test results.

Main Results:

  • The hypoxic-ischemic stroke model in C57BL/6J mice resulted in high mortality and variable stroke sizes but was efficient for large cohorts.
  • Horizontal ladder test performance on day 1 strongly correlated with stroke size, enabling functional stratification.
  • Stratified mice exhibited persistent functional deficits for up to 36 days across multiple behavioral tests (horizontal ladder, gait analysis, rotarod, EBST).
  • No deficits were detected in the automated activity chamber, indicating test specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The horizontal ladder test on day 1 post-stroke is a reliable tool for stratifying mice based on functional deficits after hypoxic-ischemic stroke.
  • This stratification method identifies a subset of mice with significant and lasting impairments, suitable for studying recovery and testing new therapies.
  • The findings provide a validated approach for enhancing the precision and reproducibility of preclinical stroke research.