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Related Concept Videos

Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns
08:34

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

Published on: September 16, 2019

Breathing training characterization by thermal imaging: a case study.

Nicola Ludwig1, Marco Gargano, Damiano Formenti

  • 1Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy. nicola.ludwig@unimi.it

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infrared thermography can assess thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing during respiratory muscle training. This non-invasive method visualizes skin temperature changes, aiding in performance evaluation for athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Respiratory muscle training enhances athletic performance, especially at high intensities.
  • Evaluating breathing mechanics is crucial for optimizing training.
  • Non-invasive monitoring techniques are desirable for real-time feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of infrared thermography (IRT) for evaluating thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing.
  • To map cutaneous temperature changes on the trunk during respiratory training.
  • To correlate thermal data with respiratory muscle function.

Main Methods:

  • A trained subject performed 5 minutes of respiratory muscle training with SpiroTiger®, followed by 5 minutes of recovery.
  • Infrared thermography captured skin temperature on ten selected Regions of Interest (ROIs) on the trunk.
  • Correlation analysis was performed on thermal data from ROIs to assess muscle function.

Main Results:

  • Global trunk skin temperature generally decreased during training.
  • Thoracic breathing induced localized temperature increases in pectoral areas due to vasodilation.
  • IRT successfully documented distinct thermal patterns for thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing.

Conclusions:

  • Infrared thermography is a viable tool for quantitative evaluation of trunk cutaneous temperature during specific breathing techniques.
  • Thermal imaging provides insights into superficial vasocirculation related to breathing patterns.
  • This study serves as a foundation for future statistical investigations into respiratory thermography.