Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Non-Verbal Cues01:29

Non-Verbal Cues

Non-verbal communication extends beyond gestures and facial expressions to include vocal elements known as paralanguage. Paralanguage consists of non-verbal vocal cues such as pitch, loudness, speech rate, pauses, and non-verbal vocalizations like laughter, sighs, and moans. These elements not only accompany speech but also provide critical emotional and contextual information.The Role of Paralanguage in CommunicationParalanguage adds depth to spoken language by conveying emotions and...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in different ways based on the...
Data Validation01:03

Data Validation

Data validation is an essential part of a comprehensive assessment. Validation is confirming or verifying and opening the door to gathering more assessment data as it clarifies vague or unclear data. The process of checking and verifying the collected information is called data validation. The primary purpose of data validation is to ensure data is as free from error, bias, and misinterpretation as possible.
Nursing assessment guides are generally based on holistic models rather than medical...
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the $2,000...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tracing aesthetic experience from perception and conception to appraisal using deep convolutional neural networks.

iScience·2026
Same author

From pixels to perception: A benchmark for human-like symmetry detection.

Vision research·2026
Same author

Finding Closure: A Closer Look at the Gestalt Law of Closure in Convolutional Neural Networks.

Computational brain & behavior·2026
Same author

Variability and predictability as key factors in a new approach to choreographic complexity in dance.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Rethinking neuroaesthetics: Toward a multidimensional and integrative science of aesthetic experience.

Neuron·2026
Same author

The element of surprise distinguishes beauty from pleasure and interest in visuo-tactile perception of art.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

To appear in a new light: Varying illumination colors induce dynamic transformations of perceptual qualities in still images.

i-Perception·2026
Same journal

Pseudo-slimy: A novel phenomenon to evoke stickiness perception.

i-Perception·2026
Same journal

Predictive visual uncertainty around moving trajectories influences causality judgments in launching displays.

i-Perception·2026
Same journal

Light and shape in the work of Robert Fones.

i-Perception·2026
Same journal

Sensorimotor numerosity uniquely supports arithmetic development in children.

i-Perception·2026
Same journal

In praise of anaglyphs.

i-Perception·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
09:45

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

The shading cue in context.

Johan Wagemans1, Andrea J van Doorn, Jan J Koenderink

  • 1University of Leuven (K U Leuven), Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Tiensestraat 102 bus 3711 3000 Leuven; present address: Tiensestraat 102 bus 3711 3000 Leuven, Belgium;

I-Perception
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human perception of 3D shape from shading is influenced by object outline, but not context. This challenges existing models and highlights environmental factors in visual processing.

More Related Videos

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice
19:32

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
09:45

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice
19:32

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Visual Perception
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Shading is theorized as a key cue for monocular stereopsis, enabling 3D shape perception from 2D images.
  • Conventional stimuli and analyses often fail to distinguish between different 3D surface interpretations (e.g., spherical, cylindrical, saddle).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for differentiating between possible 3D surface interpretations from shading cues.
  • To investigate the influence of stimulus variations (outline shape, boundary quality, illumination context) on human 3D shape perception.
  • To identify factors contributing to discrepancies between human perception and computational models.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of a novel method to differentiate between potential 3D surface interpretations.
  • Systematic observation of human responses to variations of a conventional shading stimulus.
  • Manipulation of outline shape, boundary quality, and inferred illumination direction.

Main Results:

  • Outline shape significantly influences perceived 3D shape, aligning with predictions.
  • Illumination context had no discernible influence on shape perception.
  • Boundary quality showed only a partial influence on perceived shape.
  • Significant individual differences in shape perception were observed within the population.

Conclusions:

  • Human 3D shape perception from shading is robustly affected by outline geometry.
  • The lack of contextual influence suggests limitations in current shape-from-shading models.
  • Environmental properties, such as object size and convexity, may explain perceptual idiosyncrasies.