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Published on: September 5, 2017
Tuberculosis in a southern Brazilian prison
Daniele Kuhleis1, Andrezza Wolowski Ribeiro, Elis Regina Dalla Costa
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|November 14, 2012
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in a Brazilian prison was high. Most TB strains were drug-susceptible, but recent transmission was indicated by genetic clustering, with specific spoligotypes prevalent in this population.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge in correctional facilities worldwide, particularly in developing nations.
- High rates of TB transmission are often observed in prisons due to close living conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate TB incidence and prevalence among prisoners with respiratory symptoms in Charqueadas, Brazil.
- To analyze the drug susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.
- To genotype the circulating M. tuberculosis strains using spoligotyping.
Main Methods:
- A survey was conducted among prisoners with TB respiratory symptoms.
- Drug susceptibility testing was performed on M. tuberculosis isolates.
- Spoligotyping was used for molecular typing of the isolates.
Main Results:
- The TB incidence was 3,789/100,000 inhabitants and prevalence was 4,960/100,000 inhabitants within the prison.
- 85% of isolates were susceptible to all tested drugs; 15% were resistant to at least one drug, predominantly isoniazid.
- LAM (40%) and T (22%) families were the most common spoligotypes, with shared international spoligotypes 729 (27%) and 50 (9.5%) being highly prevalent.
Conclusions:
- High TB incidence and prevalence were confirmed in the studied prison population.
- While most strains were drug-susceptible, significant recent transmission was suggested by high genotype clustering.
- Specific M. tuberculosis spoligotypes, including LAM and T families, were disproportionately prevalent in this prison setting compared to the general population.
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