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Urinary endogenous peptides as biomarkers for prostate cancer
Cristine De Souza Dutra1, Deborah Da Cruz Schafhauser1, Mariana Hentz1
1Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
Oncology Letters
|March 27, 2023
Summary
New urinary peptides from uromodulin show promise for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). These non-invasive biomarkers outperformed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in distinguishing PCa from benign conditions.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Urology
Background:
- Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy in men, with current diagnostic methods like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing having limitations.
- Biopsy remains the gold standard for PCa confirmation, highlighting the need for accurate, non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel, non-invasive urinary peptide biomarkers for accurate prostate cancer diagnosis.
- To evaluate the diagnostic performance of these peptides compared to existing methods like PSA.
Main Methods:
- Urine samples from PCa patients, benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, and healthy individuals were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
- Protease cleavage sites were predicted *in silico* using the Proteasix tool.
Main Results:
- Five urinary peptides derived from uromodulin were significantly altered in PCa patients, showing lower abundance.
- The identified peptide panel demonstrated high diagnostic potential, with AUC values ranging from 0.788 to 0.951.
- Urinary peptides showed superior performance to PSA in differentiating malignant from benign prostate conditions (AUC=0.847), with 81.82% sensitivity and 88% specificity.
Conclusions:
- Urinary uromodulin-derived peptides represent promising non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis.
- These peptides may aid in distinguishing PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia and healthy states.
- Further research could explore the identified proteases (HTRA2, KLK3, KLK4, KLK14, MMP25) in PCa pathogenesis.
