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Updated: May 16, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Current concepts in refractory migraine.

Elliott Schulman¹, Brian E McGeeney

¹Lankenau Medical Center and Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA, esmdha@gmail.com.

Current Treatment Options in Neurology

|November 15, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Refractory or Intractable Migraine (RM) presents a significant challenge for healthcare providers. This article outlines comprehensive treatment strategies, emphasizing wellness and multimodal approaches to reduce disability in RM patients.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Headache Medicine

Background:

Refractory or Intractable Migraine (RM) is a recognized clinical challenge.
No formal diagnostic criteria currently exist for RM.
Existing treatments often fail to adequately manage RM patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide evidence-based and empiric treatment approaches for RM.
To outline strategies for reducing disability in RM patients.
To emphasize a holistic approach to managing RM.

Main Methods:

Review of current treatment modalities for RM.
Emphasis on wellness, including mood, stress, sleep, and trigger avoidance.
Integration of preventive and "rescue" treatment plans.
Consideration of comorbid conditions and medication overuse (MOH).

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

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Published on: June 2, 2014

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Main Results:

Multimodal treatment strategies improve outcomes.
Wellness, including optimizing mood, sleep, and stress management, is foundational.
Addressing comorbidities and avoiding medication overuse are crucial.
OnabotulinumtoxinA and neurostimulation offer additional therapeutic options.

Conclusions:

A comprehensive, individualized approach combining various modalities is essential for managing RM.
A strong physician-patient relationship enhances treatment compliance and outcomes.
Long-term management requires ongoing physician-patient interaction and cooperation.
Multidisciplinary teams are beneficial for RM patients with multiple comorbidities.