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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
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There's more behind it: perceived depth order biases perceived numerosity/density.

Alexander C Schütz1

  • 1Abteilung Allgemeine Psychologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Giessen, Germany. alexander.c.schuetz@psychol.uni-giessen.de

Journal of Vision
|November 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Perception of element numbers on surfaces is limited, especially with overlapping transparent motion. Depth cues influence perceived numerosity, with a bias to see more items in the back.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Computational neuroscience

Background:

  • Human visual systems can perceive numerosity, but feature binding to individual elements is limited.
  • Previous research indicates limitations in binding features to elements within a surface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between depth order perception and perceived numerosity in overlapping, pseudotransparent surfaces.
  • To determine if depth cues affect how many elements are perceived in dynamic visual scenes.

Main Methods:

  • Studied overlapping, pseudotransparent surfaces with transparent motion.
  • Manipulated depth order using disparities and analyzed anisotropies in depth and numerosity perception.
  • Investigated the impact of motion speed and luminance polarity on these perceptions.

Main Results:

  • Perceived depth order and numerosity were correlated in transparent motion; surfaces perceived as 'in the back' were also seen as more numerous.
  • Presenting surfaces at different disparities eliminated anisotropies but created a bias: overestimating numerosity in the back, underestimating in the front.
  • Reduced motion speed or differing luminance polarities significantly decreased anisotropies and numerosity bias.

Conclusions:

  • Numerosity perception of pseudotransparent surfaces is not independent of scene depth structure.
  • A strong prior exists favoring higher numerosity perception for surfaces located in the back.
  • Depth cues play a crucial role in modulating the perception of element counts in complex visual environments.