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Protein Families

Protein Families

Protein families are groups of homologous proteins; that is, they have similarities in amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. Protein families usually occur because of gene duplication, where an additional copy of a gene is inserted into the genome of an organism. Mutations that change the amino acids but still allow the protein to be properly synthesized, will lead to new protein family members. If these new proteins contain similar amino acids in key locations, protein...

Protein Families

Protein Families

Protein families are groups of homologous proteins; that is, they have similarities in amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. Protein families usually occur because of gene duplication, where an additional copy of a gene is inserted into the genome of an organism. Mutations that change the amino acids but still allow the protein to be properly synthesized, will lead to new protein family members. If these new proteins contain similar amino acids in key locations, protein...

Protein Networks

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

Protein Networks

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

Globular and Fibrous Proteins

Globular and Fibrous Proteins

Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
Globular proteins are also known as spheroproteins and typically are approximately round in shape. They contain a mix of amino acid types and contain differing sequences in their primary structures. Globular proteins have many different functions, such as enzymes, cellular messengers, and molecular transporters. These roles often require the proteins to be...

Protein-protein Interfaces

Protein-protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Published on: July 16, 2017

Protein databases on the internet.

¹Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.

Current Protocols in Protein Science

|November 16, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Protein databases are essential for modern biology, offering vast sequence, structure, and function data. Exploring these resources enhances understanding of protein relationships and functions across species.

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

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Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Analyses Using the OpenProt Database to Unveil Novel Proteins Translated from Non-Canonical Open Reading Frames

Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Analyses Using the OpenProt Database to Unveil Novel Proteins Translated from Non-Canonical Open Reading Frames

Published on: April 11, 2019

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

Published on: May 22, 2018

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Bioinformatics
Genomics

Background:

The generation of vast amounts of protein data (sequences, structures, functions) is a hallmark of modern biology.
Protein databases serve as fundamental resources for initial investigations into novel proteins.
Comparative analysis of proteins and protein families within and across species yields significant biological insights.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the critical role and underutilization of protein databases in the scientific community.
To provide a foundational guide for researchers to explore and leverage internet-based protein databases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing protein databases and their functionalities.
Discussion of data types available, including primary sequences, structures, and functions.
Explanation of secondary databases derived from experimental data, including annotation and prediction services.

Main Results:

Protein databases offer comprehensive data for understanding protein relationships and functions.
Utilizing multiple databases enhances the depth of protein structure and function analysis.
Despite their availability, protein databases are not fully exploited by researchers.

Conclusions:

Protein databases are indispensable tools in protein science, facilitating comparative genomics and functional studies.
Effective utilization of diverse protein databases is key to unlocking a deeper understanding of protein biology.
This work serves as an introduction to encourage greater engagement with online protein database resources.