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Updated: May 16, 2026

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
Published on: May 23, 2025
Xiaoping Ren1, Michael C Laugel
1Clinical Translational Medicine Center, Harbin Medical University, China. renxg@uc.edu
Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) has advanced significantly since the 1950s, with hand allografts pioneering the field. Ethical considerations, particularly for allo-head and body reconstruction (AHBR), remain a key challenge for future progress.
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