The Optimal Viewing Position effect in the lower visual field
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Updated: May 16, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
Published on: July 21, 2020
Marina Yao-N'dré1, Eric Castet, Françoise Vitu
1Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France. marinayaondre@gmail.com
Abstract:
The Optimal Viewing Position (OVP) effect shows that word identification is best when the eyes first fixate near the centre of words. While this effect has been extensively studied in normal reading conditions, it has not been much investigated for words in the periphery. Here, we compared, in a perceptual identification task, the OVP effect for words presented either on the line of sight or in the lower visual field. Results confirmed the existence of an OVP effect for both central and vertically-shifted words but this effect was significantly weaker in the lower visual field. This finding provides further evidence for an important role of letter visibility in determining the shape of the OVP phenomenon. It also indicates that aligning the eyes with the centre of words is not as critical for vertically-shifted words. Implications for patients with central field loss who are forced to read in the periphery are discussed.
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