Exploring the diversity of SPRY/B30.2-mediated interactions
Livia Perfetto1, Pier Federico Gherardini, Norman E Davey
1Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|November 21, 2012
Summary
The SPRY/B30.2 domain is a common protein fold in humans, often involved in immunity and E3 ligase activity. Its versatile nature and role in macromolecular complexes are increasingly understood, despite many functions remaining unknown.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- The SPRY/B30.2 domain is a prevalent protein fold in higher eukaryotes.
- The human genome contains 103 SPRY/B30.2 domains, with many implicated in immune responses.
- A significant portion (45%) of human SPRY/B30.2 proteins function as E3 ligases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the poorly understood roles and functions of the majority of SPRY/B30.2 domains.
- To investigate the involvement of SPRY/B30.2 domains in congenital disorders.
- To explore the capacity of SPRY/B30.2 domains as adaptor modules for macromolecular complex assembly.
Main Methods:
- Bioinformatic analysis of the human genome for SPRY/B30.2 domain-containing proteins.
- Review of existing literature on SPRY/B30.2 domain mutations and associated congenital disorders.
- Analysis of recent studies characterizing SPRY/B30.2-mediated protein interactions.
Main Results:
- Identified 103 SPRY/B30.2 domains in the human genome.
- Confirmed the involvement of several SPRY/B30.2 domains in immune system processes.
- Highlighted the role of SPRY/B30.2 domains as versatile adaptor modules in macromolecular complexes.
Conclusions:
- The SPRY/B30.2 domain is a versatile protein fold with diverse functions, including roles in immunity and E3 ligase activity.
- Mutations in SPRY/B30.2 domains are linked to congenital disorders, underscoring their biological significance.
- SPRY/B30.2 domains act as crucial adaptors for assembling large protein complexes, exhibiting a wide range of binding capabilities.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
01:22Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses
The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity.
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
01:26Microbial Interactions: Cooperation
Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...
00:49Ligand Binding and Linkage
Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked. In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
00:49Ligand Binding and Linkage
Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked. In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...