Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Links between aldosterone excess and metabolic complications: A comprehensive review.

Diabetes & metabolism·2019
Same author

[Comments on the guidelines (2018) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) on the management of arterial hypertension].

Der Internist·2019
Same author

[Update on endocrine hypertension].

Der Internist·2018
Same author

Stress-inducible-stem cells: a new view on endocrine, metabolic and mental disease?

Molecular psychiatry·2018
Same author

Advances in adrenal tumors 2018.

Endocrine-related cancer·2018
Same author

[Baroreceptor activation therapy for therapy-resistant hypertension: indications and patient selection : Recommendations of the BAT consensus group 2017].

Der Internist·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

[Primay hyperaldosteronism--diagnostic and treatment].

S A Potthoff1, F Beuschlein, O Vonend

  • 1Universität Düsseldorf, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Nephrologie, Düsseldorf, Germany. sebastian.potthoff@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|November 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) increases aldosterone production independently of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System (RAAS). Early identification and targeted treatments, including surgery or medication, improve outcomes for patients with this condition.

More Related Videos

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
05:58

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders

Published on: February 3, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
05:58

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders

Published on: February 3, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) involves excess aldosterone synthesis, independent of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System (RAAS).
  • PHA affects approximately 10% of patients in hypertension centers and is linked to worse outcomes, even in normokalemic individuals, compared to essential hypertension.
  • Identifying PHA is crucial for effective hypertension management due to available targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for primary hyperaldosteronism.
  • To emphasize the importance of screening and confirmatory testing for PHA.
  • To differentiate between unilateral adenoma and bilateral hyperplasia and guide treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Screening for PHA using the Aldosterone-Renin-Ratio (ARR) in at-risk patients (hypokalemic, severe, resistant, or early-onset hypertension).
  • Confirmation of PHA via the saline infusion test.
  • Imaging (CT/MRI) and adrenal vein sampling (AVS) to determine the cause (unilateral adenoma vs. bilateral hyperplasia).

Main Results:

  • Lateralization of aldosterone production, detected by AVS, indicates a unilateral adenoma, suitable for laparoscopic adrenalectomy with up to 60% cure rate.
  • Non-lateralization suggests bilateral hyperplasia, managed pharmacologically with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (e.g., Spironolactone, Eplerenone) or potassium-sparing diuretics.
  • Additional antihypertensive therapy is often required for complete hypertension control.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of PHA through ARR screening, confirmatory tests, and AVS is essential.
  • Treatment strategies for PHA vary based on the underlying cause, with surgery for unilateral adenomas and medication for bilateral hyperplasia.
  • Timely and appropriate management of PHA can significantly improve patient outcomes and control hypertension.