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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

White matter alteration in metabolic syndrome: diffusion tensor analysis.

Keigo Shimoji¹, Osamu Abe, Takanori Uka

¹Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. kshimoji@juntendo.ac.jp

|November 23, 2012

Summary

Metabolic syndrome is linked to white matter changes, particularly in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Higher BMI in these patients correlates with reduced white matter integrity.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Metabolic Disorders

Background:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions increasing cardiovascular risk.
Understanding the neurological impact of MetS, specifically white matter integrity, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate regional white matter alterations in individuals with MetS.
To determine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and white matter integrity in MetS patients.

Main Methods:

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to assess white matter microstructure in middle-aged men with and without MetS.
Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and tract-specific analysis were employed to analyze fractional anisotropy (FA) values.
Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between BMI and FA in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF).

Main Results:

Whole-brain analysis revealed significantly lower FA values in MetS subjects in the right external capsule (part of IFOF), corpus callosum, and right frontal lobe white matter.
Regional analysis showed lower mean FA in the right IFOF for MetS patients (0.41 ± 0.03) compared to controls (0.44 ± 0.05).
A significant negative correlation was found between BMI and FA values in the right IFOF (r = -0.56, P < 0.04).

Conclusions:

Microstructural white matter changes are present in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Fractional anisotropy (FA) values derived from DTI show promise as indicators of white matter alterations in MetS.