Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2026

12:45
Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
Published on: December 11, 2017
Salvage of permanent epicardial lead function by conversion of a bipolar to unipolar lead
Robert C Neely1, Henry M Spotnitz
1Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10031, USA. neelyrob@gmail.com
Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|November 24, 2012
Abstract:
Increased thresholds in permanent epicardial leads pose a special challenge in the postoperative period. We present a case of complete heart block after surgical correction of a congenital heart defect that required conversion of an axial bipolar lead to unipolar lead to avoid lead replacement. We review the options for repair and describe our approach to this patient.

