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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Published on: September 5, 2017

Cutaneous tuberculosis in children.

Gomathy Sethuraman1, Venkatesh Ramesh

  • 1Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. kgsethu@yahoo.com

Pediatric Dermatology
|November 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood cutaneous tuberculosis, a rare skin manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, often presents as scrofuloderma or lupus vulgaris. These forms can be severe, leading to significant childhood morbidities and deformities.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary TB, comprising 1-2% of all cases.
  • Childhood cutaneous TB accounts for a significant proportion (18-82%) of all cutaneous TB cases.
  • Scrofuloderma and lupus vulgaris are the predominant clinical forms observed in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of cutaneous tuberculosis in children.
  • To highlight the common presentations and potential severity of childhood cutaneous TB.
  • To note recent trends in tuberculid prevalence, such as lichen scrofulosorum.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on childhood cutaneous tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, including common forms and lesion characteristics.
  • Review of disease course, severity, and associated morbidities in pediatric patients.

Main Results:

  • Scrofuloderma and lupus vulgaris are the most frequent clinical forms in children.
  • An increasing incidence of tuberculids, particularly lichen scrofulosorum, has been noted.
  • Childhood cutaneous TB can exhibit a severe, protracted course with multifocal lesions and significant morbidities, including deformities.

Conclusions:

  • Cutaneous tuberculosis in children, especially scrofuloderma and lupus vulgaris, can be severe and lead to substantial long-term complications.
  • The progression to gummatous lesions (scrofulous gumma) is a notable feature primarily described in pediatric cases.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial to mitigate the severe morbidities and deformities associated with childhood cutaneous tuberculosis.