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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting01:29

Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting

Documentation in long-term care facilities and home healthcare settings is crucial for ensuring continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive care for patients. Each setting has its specific documentation processes and tools:
Long-Term Care Facilities
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
04:24

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Published on: April 19, 2019

Attrition in longitudinal randomized controlled trials: home visits make a difference.

Janey C Peterson1, Paul A Pirraglia, Martin T Wells

  • 1Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluative Sciences Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 46, New York, NY 10065, USA. jcpeters@med.cornell.edu

BMC Medical Research Methodology
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Home follow-up visits effectively reduce participant attrition in longitudinal studies, improving the accuracy of complication reporting. This method is crucial for obtaining statistically significant trial outcomes, especially in older patients or those with multiple complications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
04:24

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Published on: April 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Trials
  • Patient Outcomes

Background:

  • Participant attrition in longitudinal studies can introduce bias and underestimate complications.
  • Home follow-up (Home F/U) was evaluated to complete final study evaluations for potentially lost participants.
  • The study assessed the impact of Home F/U on complication rates and identified predictors of attrition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of home follow-up in completing final study evaluations.
  • To assess the impact of including/excluding potentially lost participants on complication rates.
  • To examine the relationship between complication timing/number and the need for Home F/U.
  • To determine predictors of participants requiring Home F/U.

Main Methods:

  • Data from a 1991-1994 randomized controlled trial (RCT) on coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients were used.
  • The RCT investigated High vs. Low mean arterial pressure (MAP) during cardiopulmonary bypass.
  • Home F/U was employed to enhance completion of the 6-month evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Among 248 participants, 61 (25%) required Home F/U.
  • Home F/U identified 11 additional complications, including neurologic and neurocognitive issues.
  • Including Home F/U participants achieved statistical significance for the main trial outcome (High MAP vs. Low MAP, 16.1% vs. 27.4%, p=0.032).
  • Predictors for requiring Home F/U included age (≥75 years) and baseline diuretic therapy.
  • Participants requiring Home F/U were more likely to have sustained multiple complications.

Conclusions:

  • Home visits are effective in reducing attrition and improving the accuracy of study outcome reporting.
  • Trial results can be significantly influenced by methods reducing attrition.
  • Older participants, those with greater medical burden, and those with multiple complications are at higher risk for attrition.