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Related Concept Videos

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Multiplexed Barcoding Image Analysis for Immunoprofiling and Spatial Mapping Characterization in the Single-Cell Analysis of Paraffin Tissue Samples
08:18

Multiplexed Barcoding Image Analysis for Immunoprofiling and Spatial Mapping Characterization in the Single-Cell Analysis of Paraffin Tissue Samples

Published on: April 7, 2023

Turning single cells into microarrays by super-resolution barcoding.

Long Cai1

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. lcai@caltech.edu

Briefings in Functional Genomics
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Super-resolution microscopy enables single-cell genomics and proteomics by using advanced imaging and barcode labeling. This approach transforms cells into powerful informatics platforms for massively parallel molecular profiling.

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Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular imaging
  • Genomics and proteomics

Background:

  • Super-resolution microscopy offers nanoscale resolution (10 nm) within cellular structures (10 µm³).
  • Eukaryotic cells possess abundant genetic information (10⁴ genes) and transcript copies (10-100 per transcript).
  • Existing cellular information capacity far exceeds the requirements for encoding transcriptomic data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a strategy integrating genomics and proteomics within single cells.
  • To leverage super-resolution microscopy for high-resolution cellular analysis.
  • To explore the potential of cells as dense informatics platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing super-resolution microscopy for cellular imaging.
  • Employing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for mRNA labeling.
  • Developing multi-color barcode labeling strategies for gene identification.

Main Results:

  • Individual cells possess vast information capacity (10⁹ super-resolution pixels) suitable for molecular profiling.
  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization with multiple fluorophores allows unique mRNA identification.
  • A three-color barcode system with 15 fluorophores can encode hundreds of genes (3^15 = 455 combinations).

Conclusions:

  • Super-resolution microscopy combined with barcode labeling can transform single cells into dense informatics platforms.
  • This approach enables massively parallel profiling of molecular species within individual cells.
  • The strategy offers a powerful new tool for single-cell genomics and proteomics research.