Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Geoid and Ellipsoid

Geoid and Ellipsoid

The Earth's shape is best described as an ellipsoid, a slightly flattened sphere created by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. This flattening results in the polar axis being about 21 kilometers shorter than the equatorial axis. In contrast, the geoid represents the Earth's gravitational shape and aligns with the mean sea level (MSL). The geoid is an irregular equipotential surface where gravity is perpendicular at every point. Variations in Earth's mass distribution cause geoid...

$Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling$ 01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

Transformation of Plane Strain

Transformation of Plane Strain

When analyzing elongated structures like bars subjected to uniformly distributed loads, it is essential to understand the transformation of plane strain when coordinate axes are rotated. This transformation helps to assess how material deformation characteristics vary with orientation, which is crucial in materials science and structural engineering.
Under plane strain conditions, typical for members where one dimension significantly exceeds the others, deformations and resultant strains are...

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Clinical Effects of School Group Sandplay Therapy (SGST) on Anxiety/Depression, Somatic Symptoms, Social Immaturity, and Rule-Breaking Behavior in Children at Risk for ADHD.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

The Long-Term Absence of Static Stereopsis Cultivates Adaptive Planning of Reaching-to-Grasp.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2025

Same author

Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Educational Intervention Addressing Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on the Mental Health of Elementary School Children.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Alpha-Ketoisocaproate Attenuates Muscle Atrophy in Cancer Cachexia Models.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·2025

Same author

Effects of alpha-ketoisocaproate in oxidative stress-induced C2C12 myotubes via inhibition of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2.

Biochemistry and biophysics reports·2025

Same author

Danshensu sodium salt alleviates muscle atrophy via CaMKII-PGC1α-FoxO3a signaling pathway in D-galactose-induced models.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Perceived 3D metric (or Euclidean) shape is merely ambiguous, not systematically distorted.

Young Lim Lee¹, Mats Lind, Geoffrey P Bingham

¹University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Experimental Brain Research

|November 27, 2012

Summary

Perception of 3D shape is not systematically distorted but rather ambiguous. Contextual variations, like the range of aspect ratios in 2D tasks, influence 3D shape judgments.

More Related Videos

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

Area of Science:

Visual perception
Cognitive psychology
Computational neuroscience

Background:

Previous research suggests systematic distortions in perceived 3D shape.
However, distortions have also been shown to vary with specific tasks and individual observers.
This variability suggests a potential ambiguity in 3D shape perception.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that 3D metric shape perception is ambiguous, not systematically distorted.
To investigate if contextual variations influence perceived shape distortions.
To determine how 2D context affects 3D shape judgments.

Main Methods:

Participants adjusted 2D ellipse aspect ratios to match 3D elliptical cylinder cross-sections.
Two tasks were used: 2D (frontoparallel) and 3D (in depth).
Three experimental groups varied the ranges of aspect ratios presented in the 2D and 3D tasks.

Main Results:

Observers accurately performed the 2D judgment task, establishing the contextual baseline.
Judged 3D aspect ratios showed systematic influence from the 2D task's aspect ratio range (SL < SS/LL < LS).
Even with identical and accurately judged 2D/3D ranges, 3D judgments remained inaccurate, supporting ambiguity.

Conclusions:

The perception of 3D metric shape is characterized by ambiguity rather than systematic distortion.
Contextual factors, specifically the range of visual information, significantly modulate 3D shape perception.
Understanding the ambiguity in 3D shape perception is crucial for visual neuroscience.