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Predicting primate responses to "Stochastic" demographic events.

¹Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, 53706, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, kbstrier@facstaff.wisc.edu.

Primates; Journal of Primatology

|November 27, 2012

Summary

Muriqui reproductive seasonality is linked to birth cohort size. Experienced mothers drive a female-biased infant sex ratio, possibly due to resource competition sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

Primate Behavioral Ecology
Demography
Conservation Biology

Background:

Primate responses to ecological changes are complex, involving individual, group, and population dynamics.
Understanding demographic processes is key to interpreting primate behavioral ecology.

Purpose of the Study:

Examine demographic and life history factors influencing reproductive seasonality and infant sex ratios in muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides).
Investigate the impact of maternal parity on offspring sex ratios.

Main Methods:

Long-term data analysis (1982-1998) from an expanding muriqui group in Brazil.
Statistical examination of birth cohort size, birth distribution, and infant sex ratios in relation to maternal parity.

Main Results:

Annual birth cohort size positively correlates with the annual distribution of births, highlighting the role of reproductive females.
A female-biased infant sex ratio was observed, exclusively among multiparous mothers.
Primiparous mothers had balanced sex ratios, while multiparous mothers showed an increasing tendency for daughters.

Conclusions:

Reproductive seasonality in muriquis is influenced by the number of reproductive females.
Maternal parity is a critical factor in determining offspring sex ratios.
Differential sensitivity to resource competition across maternal life stages may explain the observed female-biased sex ratio.