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Related Concept Videos

Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
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Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
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The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...
Working Memory01:24

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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

Top-down constraint on recognition memory.

Justin Kantner1, D Stephen Lindsay

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.

Memory & Cognition
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People find it difficult to control recognition memory based solely on source memory. However, recognition is easier when items from different sources are perceptibly distinct, likely due to visual attention.

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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory Research
  • Source Monitoring

Background:

  • Recognition memory allows individuals to recall previously encountered information.
  • Source memory refers to the recollection of contextual details surrounding an event, such as its origin.
  • Front-end constraint in recognition memory involves selectively focusing on information from a specific source during retrieval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether recognition memory can be constrained at the "front end" based on source information.
  • To determine if retrieval is more likely for targets from a specified source compared to non-target sources.
  • To examine the role of perceptual distinctiveness of sources in enabling source-constrained retrieval.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of a procedure by Jacoby et al. (2005) to test source-constrained recognition.
  • Conducting multiple experiments with varying degrees of perceptual distinctiveness between studied sources.
  • Analyzing retrieval patterns to assess the influence of source memory on recognition.

Main Results:

  • Initial evidence for source-constrained retrieval in Experiment 1 was not consistently replicated in subsequent experiments (2-4).
  • When sources were perceptibly different (Experiment 5), a pattern suggesting front-end constraint emerged, but was attributed to visual attention, not memory.
  • Experiment 6 confirmed that source constraint is present with perceptibly distinct sources but difficult to achieve based solely on source memory.

Conclusions:

  • Constraining recognition memory based solely on source memory is challenging.
  • Perceptual distinctiveness between sources facilitates recognition control, likely through attentional mechanisms rather than memory-based source constraint.
  • Future research should explore the interplay between attention and memory in source monitoring.