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Updated: May 16, 2026

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
Published on: February 9, 2021
Synthesis and anticancer activity of heteroaromatic linked 4β-amido podophyllotoxins as apoptotic inducing agents
Ahmed Kamal1, Jaki R Tamboli, M V P S Vishnuvardhan
1Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India. ahmedkamal@iict.res.in
Abstract:
A series of different heteroaromatic linked 4β-amidopodophyllotoxin conjugates (16a-i, 17a-i and 18a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity against five human cancer cell lines. Among the series, one of the compound 17g showed significant antiproliferative activity in A549 (lung cancer) cell line. Flow cytometric analysis showed that 17g arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase leading to caspase-3 dependent apoptotic cell death. Further, Hoechst 33258 staining and DNA fragmentation assay also suggests that 17g induces cell death by apoptosis.
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