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Updated: May 16, 2026

Methods Development for Blood Borne Macrophage Carriage of Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs
Published on: December 9, 2010
Methodological lessons from clinical trials and the future of microbicide research
Ariane van der Straten1, Elizabeth T Montgomery, Miriam Hartmann
1Women's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, 114 Sansome Street, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA. ariane@rti.org
Abstract:
Interpretation of microbicide trial results has been compromised by challenges to accurate measurement of product adherence and sexual risk behaviors. This article provides an evaluation of the methods used to measure adherence and other sensitive behaviors relevant to assessment of product safety and effectiveness in recently completed trials of vaginal and rectal microbicides. We review the strengths and limitations of existing and novel behavioral measurement strategies and provide recommendations for future trial design with the goal of facilitating the development and identification of safe and effective microbicides for HIV prevention.
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