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Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
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Related Experiment Video

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How to Study Placebo Responses in Motion Sickness with a Rotation Chair Paradigm in Healthy Participants
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Placebo analgesia affects brain correlates of error processing.

Leonie Koban1, Marcel Brass, Margaret T Lynn

  • 1Laboratory for Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland. leonie.koban@unige.ch

Plos One
|November 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Placebo analgesia enhances brain

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Placebo analgesia (PA) involves reduced pain perception.
  • PA is linked to prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation, suggesting cognitive control over pain.
  • The role of prefrontal monitoring in adjusting pain to expectations is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if placebo analgesia alters prefrontal cortex monitoring functions.
  • To determine if these functions adjust nociceptive processing based on expected vs. experienced pain.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms of error monitoring during placebo analgesia.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a go/nogo task.
  • Participants underwent placebo and control conditions.

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  • Error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) components were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • The error positivity (Pe) component was amplified during placebo analgesia.
    • This amplification was linked to neural sources in the lateral and medial PFC.
    • The Pe increase correlated with placebo-induced changes in pain tolerance, observed only in responders.

    Conclusions:

    • Placebo analgesia involves altered prefrontal error monitoring.
    • This suggests a transient change in cognitive control functions during placebo effects.
    • The findings provide insights into the neural mechanisms of placebo analgesia.