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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification01:16

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:10

Pharmacokinetics: Overview

Pharmacokinetics is a scientific discipline that focuses on the journey of a drug within the body, encompassing four key stages: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. The first stage, absorption, involves the drug's transfer into the bloodstream. Several factors dictate the extent and speed of this process. For example, the liver often metabolizes oral drugs before they reach systemic circulation, leading to only partial absorption. In contrast, intravenous (IV) administration...
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...

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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

[Pharmacovigilance].

F Livio1, D Renard, T Buclin

  • 1Division de pharmacologie et toxicologie cliniques, Département de médecine CHUV, 1011 Lausanne. francoise.livio@chuv.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse
|November 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacovigilance updates in 2011 highlight serious adverse reactions for dronedarone, bisphosphonates, dasatinib, lenalidomide, daptomycin, and antipsychotics. Long-term proton pump inhibitors and topiramate also present significant risks.

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Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs
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Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs
10:02

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs

Published on: July 23, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Adverse Drug Reactions

Context:

  • Review of major pharmacovigilance updates from 2011.
  • Focus on newly identified or emphasized drug safety concerns.
  • Highlights the dynamic nature of drug safety monitoring.

Purpose:

  • To summarize key drug safety information and regulatory actions from 2011.
  • To inform healthcare professionals about potential risks associated with specific medications.
  • To emphasize the importance of ongoing pharmacovigilance.

Summary:

  • Dronedarone associated with cardiovascular and hepatic issues.
  • Long-term proton pump inhibitors linked to hypomagnesemia.
  • Bisphosphonates carry a risk of atypical femoral fractures.
  • Dasatinib reported with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • Lenalidomide linked to secondary malignancies.
  • Daptomycin cases of eosinophilic pneumonia.
  • Tigecycline found inferior to comparators.
  • Drotrecogin alfa withdrawn due to lack of efficacy.
  • Nimesulide shows greater hepatotoxicity than other NSAIDs.
  • Topiramate demonstrates teratogenicity (oral clefts).
  • Valproate linked to cognitive impairment and teratogenicity.
  • Antipsychotics in late pregnancy pose neonatal complication risks.

Impact:

  • Informed clinical decision-making regarding medication use.
  • Enhanced patient safety through awareness of drug risks.
  • Contributed to updated prescribing guidelines and drug labels.