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Updated: May 16, 2026
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Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Published on: October 20, 2017
Management of venous malformations
Gresham T Richter1, Leah Braswell
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vascular Anomalies Clinic and Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas 72207, USA. GTrichter@uams.edu
Facial Plastic Surgery : FPS
|November 29, 2012
Summary
Venous malformations (VMs) in the head and neck are common, often affecting facial structures. Management requires careful consideration of location and size, with therapies aimed at disease control and preservation of function.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Venous malformations (VMs) are congenital vascular anomalies frequently presenting in the head and neck.
- These malformations involve ectatic veins with abnormal connections, often infiltrating surrounding tissues.
- Common locations include the parotid gland, submandibular triangle, buccal space, mastication muscles, lips, and upper aerodigestive tract.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cervicofacial venous malformations.
- To highlight the challenges posed by the infiltrative nature and poorly defined boundaries of VMs.
- To emphasize the importance of tailored treatment based on lesion characteristics and location.
Main Methods:
- Review of diagnostic modalities for VMs.
- Analysis of therapeutic options including sclerotherapy, surgical excision, and laser therapy.
- Discussion of combined treatment approaches for complex cases.
Main Results:
- VMs require calculated treatment to preserve surrounding architecture due to their infiltrative nature.
- Therapeutic success varies; complete cure is achievable for small VMs, while larger or extensive VMs often require disease control through periodic therapy.
- Treatment choice is dictated by lesion location, size, and proximity to vital structures.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of cervicofacial VMs necessitates a multidisciplinary approach.
- Long-term follow-up is crucial for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy.
- Tailored therapeutic strategies are essential for optimizing outcomes and preserving function in patients with VMs.
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