The influence of substitute materials on bone density after maxillary sinus augmentation: a microcomputed tomography...

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Maxillary sinus augmentation is a common procedure to increase bone volume for dental implant placement.
• Autogenous particulated bone (PAB) is a traditional grafting material.
• The use of bone substitute materials aims to enhance bone regeneration and graft consolidation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of adding beta-tricalcium phosphate (Β-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) to PAB on the density of grafted bone.
• To evaluate bone density changes after maxillary sinus augmentation using different graft compositions.

Main Methods:

• A randomized clinical study involving 30 patients undergoing lateral antrostomy.
• Grafting materials included PAB alone (control), PAB with Β-TCP, and PAB with Β-TCP and HA.
• Microcomputed tomography (Μ-CT) was used to analyze bone density of graft samples immediately after surgery and after 5 months.

Main Results:

• All groups demonstrated an increase in bone density after 5 months of healing.
• Statistical comparison between groups was not possible due to a high dropout rate and small sample size.

Conclusions:

• Bone density increases significantly after maxillary sinus augmentation with PAB, whether used alone or combined with HA and/or Β-TCP.
• Larger sample sizes and split-mouth designs are necessary to detect statistically significant differences between various graft materials.