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Related Concept Videos

Inertial Frames of Reference01:03

Inertial Frames of Reference

Newton’s first law is usually considered to be a statement about reference frames. It provides a method for identifying a special type of reference frame: the inertial reference frame. In principle, we can make the net force on a body zero. If its velocity relative to a given frame is constant, then that frame is said to be inertial. So, by definition, an inertial reference frame is a reference frame where Newton's first law holds valid. Newton's first law applies to objects with constant...
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A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...
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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
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Facilitation and interference in spatial and body reference frames.

Alison J Wiggett1, Paul E Downing, Steven P Tipper

  • 1School of Psychology, Adeilad Brigantia, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2AS, Wales, UK. a.wiggett@bangor.ac.uk

Experimental Brain Research
|November 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Observing actions primes our own movements through body and spatial cues. These effects interact, showing that action perception involves simultaneous processing in multiple reference frames.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Action Perception

Background:

  • Action observation can prime an observer's motor system.
  • Priming effects arise from spatial and body-centered reference frames.
  • The interplay between these reference frames is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle spatial and body-centered priming effects.
  • To investigate general layout effects on action priming.
  • To characterize the facilitation and interference components of priming.

Main Methods:

  • Used hand and foot responses to differentiate spatial and body priming.
  • Compared priming across the entire body space.
  • Accounted for general layout congruency effects.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated both spatial and body-centered action priming.
  • Identified general facilitation and interference effects based on display-body layout.
  • Found that priming occurs when spatial and body frames align.

Conclusions:

  • Action perception involves simultaneous processing in multiple reference frames.
  • Spatial and body frames interact with complex facilitatory and inhibitory effects.
  • Motor system responses are modulated by aligned external and internal reference frames.