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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
Published on: May 25, 2012
An abundant perivascular source of stem cells for bone tissue engineering
Aaron W James1, Janette N Zara, Mirko Corselli
1Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Stem Cells Translational Medicine
|December 1, 2012
Summary
Human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) from adipose tissue significantly enhance bone healing in preclinical models. These purified PSCs offer a promising, FDA-approvable cell source for skeletal regenerative medicine.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Stem Cell Biology
- Adipose Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Adipose tissue is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
- The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue is heterogeneous, limiting its regenerative potential.
- Human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) possess MSC properties and are found within adipose tissue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively purify and characterize human PSCs (hPSCs) from lipoaspirate.
- To evaluate the frequency and stability of hPSCs across patient demographics and storage conditions.
- To assess the efficacy of purified hPSCs in promoting bone regeneration in a preclinical model.
Main Methods:
- Prospective purification of hPSCs from 60 human lipoaspirate samples using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
- Quantification of PSC frequency (pericytes and adventitial cells) within the SVF.
- Evaluation of hPSC efficacy in a mouse critical-size calvarial defect model compared to unsorted SVF.
Main Results:
- PSCs constituted an average of 43.2% of the SVF (19.5% pericytes, 23.8% adventitial cells).
- PSC frequency remained stable across variations in patient age, gender, BMI, and storage time.
- Purified hPSCs demonstrated significantly enhanced bone defect healing (60.9%) compared to unsorted SVF (15.4%) at 2 weeks post-surgery.
Conclusions:
- Adipose-derived hPSCs represent a viable and abundant stem cell population for regenerative medicine.
- hPSCs show superior osteogenic potential compared to unsorted SVF in a bone defect model.
- hPSCs are a promising, potentially FDA-approvable cell source for skeletal regenerative therapies.
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