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Related Concept Videos

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...

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Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
08:50

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Moving from correlative science to predictive oncology.

Richard Simon1

  • 1National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7434 USA.

The EPMA Journal
|December 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Genomic technologies enable precision medicine in oncology by identifying patients for targeted therapies. This requires new clinical trial designs to evaluate biomarkers effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Clinical Trial Design

Background:

  • Many diseases are molecularly heterogeneous, leading to ineffective treatments and large trials with minimal average benefits.
  • Genomic technologies offer tools for patient stratification and drug selection in oncology.
  • Drug development with companion diagnostics complicates clinical trials, necessitating novel design and analysis approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address challenges in clinical development and trial design driven by tumor genomics.
  • To comment on designing clinical studies for evaluating prognostic and predictive biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current challenges in clinical development and trial design.
  • Discussion of the impact of genomic technologies on oncology drug development.

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Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
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Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

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Standardized SDS-PAGE Workflow for Personalized Protein Corona Profiling in Early Cancer Detection

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  • Analysis of approaches for evaluating biomarker utility and robustness.

    • Main Results:

    • Traditional disease classifications are insufficient due to molecular heterogeneity.
    • Genomic profiling is crucial for personalized medicine and effective cancer treatment.
    • New paradigms are needed for clinical and statistical investigators to adapt to tumor genomics.

    Conclusions:

    • Adapting to tumor genomics requires paradigm shifts in clinical research.
    • Robust evaluation of biomarkers is essential for advancing precision oncology.
    • Innovative clinical trial designs are necessary to realize the full potential of genomic medicine.