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Related Concept Videos

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section01:21

Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section

When a material is subjected to uniaxial stress, it elongates or contracts in the direction of the applied force, and also undergoes changes in the perpendicular directions. This behavior is crucial for understanding how materials behave under stress and is governed by mechanical properties such as Poisson's ratio v, which measures the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
As the material stretches, it expands or contracts in orthogonal directions to the load. This phenomenon varies...
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures
05:33

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Published on: November 14, 2019

3D Face modeling using the multi-deformable method.

Jinkyu Hwang1, Sunjin Yu, Joongrock Kim

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea. winispirit@yonsei.ac.kr

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a robust 3D face modeling technique using a statistical approach and a mirror system. The method achieves accurate 3D face shape estimation and realistic texture mapping, even with feature extraction errors.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • 3D Reconstruction
  • Biometrics

Background:

  • Traditional 3D face modeling is sensitive to feature extraction errors.
  • Accurate and robust 3D facial reconstruction remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a 3D face modeling technique robust to feature extraction errors.
  • To improve the accuracy and realism of 3D face models.

Main Methods:

  • A statistical model-based 3D face modeling approach using a two-mirror system and a camera.
  • 3D facial shape estimation via a multi-view deformable model.
  • Texture mapping using seamless cloning (gradient-domain blending).

Main Results:

  • The proposed method achieves highly accurate 3D face shape results compared to ground truth.
  • Demonstrated robustness to feature extraction errors in both accuracy and robustness tests.
  • Acquisition of a wide range of face textures using the mirror system for realistic rendering.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers superior robustness to feature extraction errors compared to existing techniques.
  • The system enables the generation of realistic 3D faces with accurate shapes and textures.
  • The mirror system facilitates diverse face texture acquisition for enhanced 3D modeling.