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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
14:23

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses

Published on: August 31, 2014

Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine trials.

Robert J O'Connell1, Jerome H Kim, Lawrence Corey

  • 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|December 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Despite numerous trials, effective HIV-1 vaccines remain elusive. A recent prime-boost trial showed 31% efficacy, offering a glimmer of hope in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Over 33 million people live with HIV/AIDS globally, with millions of new infections annually.
  • The HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to challenge global health and stability.
  • Despite extensive research, developing an effective preventive HIV-1 vaccine remains a critical unmet need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical trials of HIV vaccines.
  • To analyze insights into human immunogenicity and efficacy of HIV-1 vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and ongoing clinical trials for preventive HIV-1 vaccines.
  • Analysis of efficacy data from completed and in-progress trials.
  • Examination of vaccine strategies including subunit, viral-vector, and prime-boost combinations.

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Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses
11:19

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

Published on: May 4, 2015

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
14:23

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses

Published on: August 31, 2014

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses
11:19

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

Published on: May 4, 2015

Main Results:

  • Over 187 HIV vaccine trials involving more than 44,000 volunteers have been conducted since 1987.
  • Several vaccine candidates, including rgp120 and Ad5 vectors, have failed to demonstrate significant efficacy.
  • A recent heterologous prime-boost trial in Thailand showed 31% efficacy in preventing HIV-1 infection.

Conclusions:

  • Past HIV vaccine trials have provided valuable data on immunogenicity but limited success in efficacy.
  • The 31% efficacy in the Thai trial represents a modest but significant advancement.
  • Further research and development are crucial to achieving a broadly effective HIV-1 vaccine.