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Does a multicomponent exercise program improve dual-task performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment? A

Hyuma Makizako¹, Takehiko Doi, Hiroyuki Shimada

¹Section for Health Promotion, Department for Research and Development to Support Independent Life of Elderly, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35 Gengo, Morioka-machi, Obu, Aichi 4748511, Japan. makizako@ncgg.go.jp

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research

|December 6, 2012

Summary

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A six-month exercise program improved walking speed in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. However, it did not enhance dual-task performances, indicating specific benefits for physical function.

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neurology
Exercise Science

Background:

Cognitive decline is a growing concern in aging populations.
Exercise interventions are explored for preventing cognitive decline.
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) affects memory and increases dementia risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the impact of a multicomponent exercise program on physical and dual-task performance.
To evaluate the efficacy of exercise for community-dwelling older adults with aMCI.

Main Methods:

Fifty older adults with aMCI were randomized into intervention (multicomponent exercise) and control (health education) groups.
The intervention involved 6 months of aerobic, strength, and balance training under multi-task conditions.

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Physical function (maximal walking speed) and dual-task performance (reaction time) were measured pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

Maximal walking speed significantly improved in the exercise group compared to the control group.
Dual-task performance, measured by reaction time under balance and cognitive loads, showed no significant improvement.
The control group exhibited a significant decrease in maximal walking speed over the study period.

Conclusions:

A 6-month multicomponent exercise program can enhance maximal walking speed in older adults with aMCI.
The program did not yield significant improvements in dual-task performances.
Exercise interventions may offer targeted benefits for physical function in individuals with early cognitive impairment.