Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Newman Projections

Newman Projections

Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as conformers.

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams

Molecular Shapes

Molecular Shapes

Molecules have characteristic shapes that are crucial for their function. The arrangement of various electron groups around the central atom dictates their molecular geometry. Electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between the electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The valence electrons form either bonding pairs, located primarily between bonded atoms, or lone pairs.
Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Contributed Talks I: Recruiting native visual representations in visual cortex for electrode array based vision restoration.

Journal of vision·2025

Same author

Variational solution to the lattice Boltzmann method for Couette flow.

Physical review. E·2024

Same author

Spatial dynamics of inflammation-causing and commensal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.

Journal of theoretical biology·2022

Same author

Persistent exclusion processes: Inertia, drift, mixing, and correlation.

Physical review. E·2019

Same author

Addressing Interdisciplinary Difficulties in Developmental Biology/Mathematical Collaborations: A Neural Crest Example.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2019

Same author

Infection-acquired versus vaccine-acquired immunity in an SIRWS model.

Infectious Disease Modelling·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Hybrid Ensemble and Single-molecule Assay to Image the Motion of Fully Reconstituted CMG

Hybrid Ensemble and Single-molecule Assay to Image the Motion of Fully Reconstituted CMG

Published on: July 26, 2024

Collective motion of dimers.

Catherine J Penington¹, Karolína Korvasová, Barry D Hughes

¹Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|December 11, 2012

Summary

This study models dimer agents on lattices, developing equations for collective motion. The findings offer insights into how elongated cell populations move together.

Area of Science:

Physics
Mathematical Biology
Statistical Mechanics

Background:

Collective cellular motion is crucial in biological processes.
Many cell types are elongated, influencing their collective behavior.
Existing models often simplify cell shapes or interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a discrete agent-based model for collective motion of dimer agents.
To derive continuum partial differential equations describing population dynamics.
To investigate the influence of exclusion rules on agent movement.

Main Methods:

Agent-based modeling on one- and two-dimensional lattices.
Application of indicator variables and probability arguments.
Derivation of discrete-time master equations and continuum limit equations.

More Related Videos

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics

Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics

Published on: August 25, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Hybrid Ensemble and Single-molecule Assay to Image the Motion of Fully Reconstituted CMG

Hybrid Ensemble and Single-molecule Assay to Image the Motion of Fully Reconstituted CMG

Published on: July 26, 2024

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics

Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics

Published on: August 25, 2022

Mean-field approximation and analysis of advection-diffusion equations.

Main Results:

A systematic derivation of master equations for dimer agent dynamics.
Obtained nonlinear diffusion equations for average dimer occupancy.
Showed that interacting subpopulations lead to advection-diffusion equations.
Validated continuum models against discrete simulation data.

Conclusions:

The developed models accurately describe dimer agent collective motion.
The framework provides insights into the population-level behavior of elongated cells.
This work bridges discrete modeling and continuum partial differential equations for biological systems.