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Related Concept Videos

Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator01:30

RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator

An RLC circuit combines a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, connected in a series or parallel combination.
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
LC Circuits01:21

LC Circuits

An LC circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor, either in series or parallel. Consider a charged capacitor connected with an inductor in series. Before the switch is closed, all the energy of the circuit is stored in the electric field of the capacitor. When the switch is closed, the capacitor begins to discharge, producing a current in the circuit. The current, in turn, creates a magnetic field in the inductor. Because of the induced emf in the inductor, the current cannot change...
RLC Series Circuits01:30

RLC Series Circuits

An RLC series circuit comprises an inductor, a resistor, and a charged capacitor connected in series. When the circuit is closed, the capacitor begins to discharge through the resistor and inductor by transferring energy from the electric field to the magnetic field. Here, the resistor connected to the circuit causes energy losses; therefore, on the complete discharge of the capacitor, the magnetic field energy acquired by the inductor is less than the original electric field energy of the...
Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position01:04

Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position

Stability is an important concept in oscillation. If an equilibrium point is stable, a slight disturbance of an object that is initially at the stable equilibrium point will cause the object to oscillate around that point. For an unstable equilibrium point, if the object is disturbed slightly, it will not return to the equilibrium point. There are three conditions for equilibrium points—stable, unstable, and half-stable. A half-stable equilibrium point is also unstable, but is named so because...

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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
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Little-Parks oscillations in an insulator.

G Kopnov1, O Cohen, M Ovadia

  • 1Department of Condensed Matter Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We studied how disorder affects superconductivity in thin films. Even in the insulating state, we found evidence of electron pairing, suggesting superconductivity

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) is crucial for novel electronic applications.
  • Disorder plays a key role in tuning the electronic properties of materials, potentially leading to insulating behavior in superconductors.
  • The nature of electron pairing in the insulating phase near the SIT remains an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the disorder-induced superconductor-insulator transition in amorphous indium-oxide thin films.
  • To explore the behavior of superconducting properties, such as Little-Parks oscillations, across the transition.
  • To provide direct evidence for electron pairing in the insulating phase adjacent to superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of amorphous indium-oxide thin films patterned with a nanoscale periodic array of holes.
  • Magnetoresistance measurements across a range of disorder strengths, spanning the SIT.
  • Analysis of Little-Parks-like oscillations to probe superconducting behavior.

Main Results:

  • Observed Little-Parks-like oscillations throughout the entire range of disorder, including the insulating phase.
  • The oscillation period remained constant and corresponded to the superconducting flux quantum.
  • These oscillations persisted even in the insulating state bordering superconductivity.

Conclusions:

  • The persistence of Little-Parks oscillations in the insulating phase provides direct evidence for electron pairing.
  • This finding challenges conventional understanding and suggests that Cooper pairs can exist in the insulating regime.
  • The study offers new insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing the superconductor-insulator transition.