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Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
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Quantum phenomena in ignition and detonation at elevated density.

A V Drakon1, A V Emelianov, A V Eremin

  • 1Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Izhorskaya 13/19, Moscow 125412, Russia.

Physical Review Letters
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Quantum effects influence hydrogen and acetylene combustion and detonation near low-temperature limits. These quantum corrections explain deviations in ignition and detonation delay times, crucial for industrial safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Combustion Science

Background:

  • Combustion and detonation of hydrogen and acetylene are critical industrial processes.
  • Understanding low-temperature limits and high-pressure effects is essential for safety.
  • Existing kinetic models may not fully capture complex reaction dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the influence of quantum effects on combustion and detonation initiation.
  • To quantify quantum corrections to reaction rate constants at high pressures.
  • To explain deviations in experimental ignition and detonation delay times.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of quantum effects on reaction rates.
  • Quantification of quantum corrections to endothermic reaction rate constants.
  • Comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental ignition and detonation delay times.

Main Results:

  • Quantum effects, specifically the uncertainty principle at high collision frequencies, increase the high-energy tail of the momentum distribution.
  • This leads to quantifiable corrections in rate constants for endothermic reactions.
  • The proposed quantum corrections accurately describe observed deviations in ignition and detonation delay times.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum mechanics plays a significant role in the initiation of combustion and detonation for hydrogen and acetylene.
  • The developed theoretical framework provides a better understanding of these phenomena.
  • This research is vital for ensuring the safety of hydrogen and acetylene handling in industrial applications, including nuclear power stations.