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Decision-making deficits among maltreated children.

Joshua A Weller1, Philip A Fisher

  • 1Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA. welljos3@isu.edu

Child Maltreatment
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Maltreated children exhibit impaired decision-making, particularly in loss situations, leading to excessive risk-taking. These findings highlight neurocognitive and emotional regulation deficits impacting choices in children involved with child welfare services.

Keywords:
child welfare systemdecision makingexpected value sensitivitymaltreated childrenrisk taking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Welfare

Background:

  • Maltreated children often display health-risking behaviors.
  • Neurocognitive and emotional regulation delays in maltreated children may impair decision-making under risk.
  • Previous research treated risky decision-making as a general construct.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate decision-making processes in maltreated children within gain and loss contexts.
  • To compare decision-making in maltreated children versus a non-maltreated control group.
  • To identify specific deficits in risk assessment and outcome evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Compared decision-making in maltreated children (n=25) and a non-maltreated group (n=112).
  • Assessed choices in scenarios involving potential gains and potential losses.
  • Analyzed response latencies and sensitivity to expected value and outcome magnitude.

Main Results:

  • Maltreated children demonstrated decision-making impairments in both gain and loss domains, more so in losses.
  • They exhibited excessive risk-taking and insensitivity to expected value changes.
  • Slower decision times in maltreated children suggested distinct underlying cognitive processes.

Conclusions:

  • Maltreated children show significant deficits in risk assessment and decision-making, particularly when potential losses are involved.
  • These impairments are linked to insensitivity to outcome magnitude and slower cognitive processing.
  • Findings have implications for understanding and intervening in the behavior of children in child welfare services.