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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
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A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
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Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose01:24

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A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
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Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations01:23

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Nomograms and tabulations are vital tools used by clinicians to design accurate and individualized dosage regimens. These instruments provide a straightforward method for adjusting dosages based on individual patient characteristics, including age, weight, and physiological condition. The foundation of a drug's nomogram is population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using specific models. This data simplifies complex equations, presenting them diagrammatically or tabularly for easy...

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A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
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[Development and effectiveness of a drug dosage calculation training program using cognitive loading theory based on

Myoung Soo Kim1, Jung Ha Park, Kyung Yeon Park

  • 1Department of Nursing, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea. kanosa@pknu.ac.kr

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a smartphone app for drug dosage calculation training. The app improved calculation ability and self-efficacy, but not anxiety, with high user satisfaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education
  • Health Informatics
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Accurate drug dosage calculation is critical for patient safety.
  • Traditional training methods may not adequately address cognitive load in calculation tasks.
  • Smartphone applications offer a scalable platform for accessible health education.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a smartphone application-based drug dosage calculation training program.
  • To assess the program's impact on calculation ability, self-efficacy, and anxiety.
  • To apply cognitive loading theory to enhance learning in drug dosage calculations.

Main Methods:

  • A nonequivalent control group design was employed over a 4-week intervention period.
  • The experimental group used a smartphone application and handout; the control group used a handout only.
  • Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS 18.0.

Main Results:

  • The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher self-efficacy in drug dosage calculation (t=3.82, p<.001).
  • Students in the experimental group showed improved calculation ability, including metric conversion, table dosage, and drop rate calculations.
  • No significant difference was observed in the reduction of anxiety related to drug dosage calculation between groups.

Conclusions:

  • The smartphone application-based training program effectively enhances drug dosage calculation ability and related self-efficacy.
  • The program achieved a high mean satisfaction score of 86.1.
  • Further research is recommended to develop interventions specifically targeting the reduction of calculation anxiety.