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Cancer recurrence as a traumatic event.

D F Cella1, S M Mahon, M I Donovan

  • 1Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago.

Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Cancer recurrence is perceived as more difficult to adjust to than initial diagnosis. Surprise and first-time recurrence increase stress response symptoms, suggesting potential for early interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Cancer recurrence presents unique psychosocial challenges for patients.
  • Adjustment to illness literature suggests varying responses to initial diagnosis versus recurrence.
  • Understanding cancer recurrence as a potential traumatic event informs patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cancer recurrence as a traumatic event.
  • To compare patient adjustment to recurrence versus initial diagnosis.
  • To identify predictors of stress response symptoms following cancer recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • 40 patients with recurrent malignancies completed the Impact of Event Scale and Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale.
  • Semi-structured interviews assessed patient experiences of recurrence versus initial diagnosis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical analysis identified correlations between recurrence characteristics and stress symptoms.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients reported greater difficulty adjusting to recurrence compared to initial diagnosis.
    • Higher levels of intrusive and avoidant stress symptoms were observed in patients surprised by recurrence.
    • Patients experiencing their first recurrence also showed increased stress response symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • Cancer recurrence can be conceptualized as a traumatic event, leading to significant stress.
    • Patient surprise and the number of previous recurrences are key factors influencing stress response.
    • Early identification of at-risk patients can guide interventions to prevent stress disorders.